Bagi pelajar pemula yang ingin
mendalami Bahasa Inggris, tentu penguasaan grammar menjadi salah satu elemen penting.
Saat ini kita akan membahas Present
Simple Tense atau sering
disingkat Present Simple saja. Present Simple memiliki ciri-ciri khusus yakni
digunakan dalam kebiasaan sehari-hari, sesauatu yang sudah umum atau lumrah,
dll.
Berikut ini panduan yang diberikan Raymon Murphy dalam bukunya Grammar In Use.
1. Study this example situation:
Alex is the bus driver. But now he is
asleep in bed.
So:
He is not driving a bus (he is asleep)
But: He drives a bus.
This is the
present simple tense:
I/you/we/they drive
He/she/it drives
Dalam
situasi di atas menunjukan bahwa Alex seorang pengemudi bis yang tentu setiap
hari dia mengemudikan bisnya. Maka situasi tersebut harus diungkapkan dalam
bentuk Present Simple.
Rumus:
Subject + Verb
I + ........
We use
the present simple to talk about things in general.
We are not thinking only about the present. We use it to say that something
happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in
general. It is not important whether the action is happening at the time of
speaking. In short Present Simple is used to indicate a regular or habitual action:
Seperti
yang dicetak tebal bahwa penggunaan present simple untuk membicarakan sesuatu
yang umum yang terjadi secara berulang-ulang, sesuatu yang sudah lumrah secara
umum dan menunjukan aksi atau aktivitas sehari-hari. Perhatikan contoh di bawah
ini:
- The earth goes around the sun.
- Nurses look after patients in hospital.
- In Britain most of the shops close at 5.30 p.m.
Remember
that we say he/she/it –s. Don’t forget the s:
- I work in the bank. Barry works in
a shop.
This
tense is usually not used to indicate present time. However, it is used to
indicate present time (now) with following stative verbs.
Tapi
ingat! kata-kata yang memang sering digunakan dalam bentuk Present Simple,
tidak digunakan dalam Present Continuous sebagai berikut:
Know - believe - hear - see - smell - wish
Understand - hate - love- like - want - sound
Have - need - appeare - seem - taste -own
- They understand the problem now.(Not, They
are
understanding ...)
- We want to leave now. (Not, We
are wanting ...)
- Your cough sounds bad.(Not, Your cough
is
sounding ...)
2. We
use do/does to make questions and negative sentences:
Do
I/you/we/they go
Does
he/she/it/Ali I/you/we/they don’t go
He/She/It/Ali
doesn’t
- Excuse me, do you speak English?
- ‘Would you like a cigarette?’ ‘No,
Thanks. I don’t smoke.’
- What does this word mean?
- Rice doesn’t grow in Britain.
3. We
use the present simple when we say how often we do things:
Seperti
yang tadi dijelaskan bahwa Present Simple digunakan untuk kebiasaan
sehari-hari. Lihat contoh:
- I get up at 8 o’clock every morning.
- How often do you go to the dentist?
- Ann doesn’t often drink tea.
- In summer Tom usually plays tennis twice a
week.
4.
Note that we say ‘where do you come from?
- Where do you come from?
- He comes from Japan.
5.
When you make a suggestion, you can say ‘Why don’t you …?
- ‘I’m tired.’ ‘Why don’t you go bed
early?’
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